I-plum blossom enekholomu yokuzithepha isikulufu

Ngokungeziwe ekuhlukeni kobukhulu obuyisisekelo njengekhanda kuye konqenqema nokuqina kwekhanda, umehluko obaluleke kakhulu kumazinga umehluko ezingxenyeni ezinentambo. Imicu ye-GB, i-DIN, i-JIS, njll. yonke ikalwa ngamamilimitha (MM) futhi iqoqo ibizwa ngokuthi imicu yemethrikhi. Imicu efana ne-ANSI, ASME, njll., elinganiswa ngama-intshi, ibizwa ngokuthi imicu evamile yaseMelika. Ngokungeziwe emiculweni yemethrikhi nemicu yaseMelika, kukhona nezinga le-BSW laseBrithani, imicu yalo nayo ikalwa ngama-intshi, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Wyeth.

Imicu yemethrikhi ikalwa ngamamilimitha (MM) futhi ine-engeli yethiphu yezinyo engu-60 degrees. Kokubili imicu yaseMelika neyaseBrithani ikalwa ngamayintshi. I-angle yethiphu yezinyo yentambo yaseMelika nayo ingamadigri angu-60, kuyilapho i-angle yethiphu yezinyo yentambo yaseBrithani ingama-degree angu-55. Ngenxa yamayunithi ahlukene okulinganisa, izindlela zokumela zemicu ehlukahlukene nazo azifani. Isibonelo, i-M16-2X60 imele imicu yemethrikhi. Incazelo yakhe ethize iwukuthi ububanzi obujwayelekile besikulufu bungu-16MM, iphimbo lingu-2MM, kanti ubude bungu-60MM. Isibonelo, u-1/4-20X3/4 umele intambo yaseBrithani, futhi incazelo yakhe ethize iwukuthi ububanzi bokuzisholo besikulufu buyi-intshi engu-1/4 (intshi eyodwa=25.4MM), namazinyo angu-20 kuyintshi eyodwa nobude obungu-3/4 intshi. Ukwengeza, lapho kubhekiselwa kuzikulufu zaseMelika, i-UNC ne-UNF kuvame ukungezwa ngemva kokumela izikulufu zaseBrithani ukuze kuhlukaniseke phakathi kwamazinyo amaholo aseMelika namazinyo amahle aseMelika.

Ebhizinisini lethu lokuthengisa lasekhaya lansuku zonke, izindinganiso esivame ukuhlangana nazo i-GB (National Standard) kanye ne-DIN (I-German Standard).
Mayelana nemikhiqizo engeyona iphunga elimnandi, la mazinga alandelayo kuhlangatshezwana nawo kakhulu: GB30; GB5783; I-GB5782; I-GB62; I-GB6170; I-GB818; I-GB819; I-GB845; I-GB846; GB70; I-DIN912; I-DIN933; I-DIN931, njll. Njengamanje, i-GB30 (izinga kazwelonke elidala) ithathelwe indawo yi-GB5783 (izinga elisha likazwelonke) encwadini evamile. I-GB52 (izinga elidala likazwelonke) lithathelwe indawo yi-GB6170 (izinga elisha likazwelonke) encwadini evamile.

Ngo-1986, izwe lethu lakha indinganiso entsha yezingxenye ezijwayelekile, ezivame ukwaziwa njengezinga elisha ebhizinisini. Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-GB5780, GB5781, GB5782, GB5783, kanye ne-GB5784. I-GB5780 iyisikulufu esinekhanda eliyi-hexagonal esiwugqinsi senduku yezinyo elinguhhafu esineleveli yokunemba engu-C, esingathathelwa indawo yi-GB5782 (i-GB5782 iyisikulufu esinekhanda eliyi-hexagonal induku egcwele izinyo elinezinga elinembile lika-A no-B). I-GB5781 iyisikulufu sezinyo esinekhanda eliyi-hexagonal elinemba elinemba elingu-C. GB5783 lingasetshenziswa njengebambela (i-GB5783 iyisikulufu sezinyo esinekhanda eliyi-hexagonal esigcwele izinyo elinamazinga okunemba ka-A no-B). I-GB5784 iyisikulufu esinezinhlangothi ezine ezinenduku encane nezinyo elinguhhafu.

Umehluko phakathi kwelebula entsha nelebula endala ukuthi imikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-M8, M10, M12, M14, ne-M22 inomehluko ebubanzini bamaphethelo. Ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo emisha yochungechunge lwe-M22, imiphetho eyinhloko yemikhiqizo yelebula entsha i-M8, i-M10, i-M12, ne-M14 mincane ngo-1MM kunaleyo yelebula endala. Bangu-13mm, 16mm, 18mm, no-21mm ngokulandelana. Kodwa-ke, emikhiqizweni emisha yochungechunge lwe-M22, uhlangothi oluphambene lwelebula entsha empeleni lukhudlwana ngo-2MM kunelebula endala, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile. Ngobukhulu bekhanda, kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwezindinganiso ezintsha nezindala, ezingasetshenziswa ngokushintshana ezimweni lapho izidingo zingaqinile kakhulu.

Umehluko phakathi kwezinga elisha nezinga laseJalimane usezicacisweni zomkhiqizo we-M10, M12, M14, kanye ne-M22, ezihluka ngobubanzi bamaphethelo. Inhloko emaphethelweni izinga elisha le-M10, M12, M14 kufanele libe lincane ngo-1MM kunezinga lesiJalimane. Umkhiqizo omusha we-M22 unobubanzi bonqenqema lwekhanda obungu-2MM ububanzi kunobubanzi bonqenqema obumakiwe, futhi yonke eminye imikhiqizo ingasetshenziswa ngokushintshana.

Kumantongomane angama-hexagonal, izindinganiso ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa i-GB52, GB6170, GB6172, ne-DIN934. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwazo ukuthi i-GB6170 ijiyile kune-GB52, GB6172, ne-DIN934, eyaziwa ngokuthi amantongomane awugqinsi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona umehluko emaphethelweni. Ochungechungeni lwe-M8 nut, imiphetho ye-DIN934, GB6170, ne-GB6172 ingu-13mm, okuyi-1MM encane kunomkhawulo we-14mm we-GB52. Kumantongomane e-M10, imiphetho ye-DIN934 ne-GB52 ingu-17mm, okuyi-1MM enkulu kunomkhawulo we-GB6170 kanye ne-GB6172. Kumantongomane e-M12, imiphetho ye-DIN934 ne-GB52 ingu-19mm, okuyi-1MM enkulu kunomkhawulo ongu-18mm we-GB6170 kanye ne-GB6172. Kumantongomane e-M14, unqenqema oluphambene lwe-DIN934 ne-GB52 luyi-22mm, elikhulu ngo-1MM kunomkhawulo ophambene we-GB6170 no-GB6172, ongu-21mm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-M22 nut inomkhawulo ongu-32MM obhekene ne-DIN934 kanye ne-GB52, encane ngo-2MM kunomkhawulo obhekene no-34MM kuya ku-GB6170 kanye ne-GB6172. I-GB6170 kanye ne-GB6172 inobubanzi obufana ncamashi nomphetho ngaphandle kogqinsi lwazo oluhlukene. Yonke eminye imininingwane ingasetshenziswa ngokushintshana ngaphandle kokucabangela ukushuba.