Intyatyambo iPlum kunye nesikrufu sokuzicofa kwikholamu

Ukongeza kwiiyantlukwano kwimilinganiselo esisiseko njengentloko ukuya emphethweni kunye nobukhulu bentloko, umahluko obaluleke kakhulu kwimigangatho ngumahluko kumacandelo anemisonto. Iintambo ze-GB, i-DIN, i-JIS, njl. Zonke zilinganiswa ngeemilimitha (MM) kwaye zibizwa ngokudibeneyo njengemicu ye-metric. Imisonto efana ne-ANSI, ASME, njl., elinganiswa ngee-intshi, ibizwa ngokuba yi-American standard threads. Ukongeza kwimisonto yemetric kunye neentambo zaseMelika, kukwakho nomgangatho weBSW waseBritane, omisonto yawo iphinda ilinganiswe ngee-intshi, eyaziwa ngokuba yiWyeth imisonto.

Imisonto ye-Metric ilinganiswa ngeemilimitha (MM) kwaye ine-angle yencam yezinyo ye-60 degrees. Zombini imisonto yaseMelika neyaseBritani ilinganiswa ngee-intshi. I-angle yencam yezinyo ye-American thread nayo i-60 degrees, ngelixa i-angle yencam yezinyo ye-British thread yi-55 degrees. Ngenxa yeeyunithi ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa, iindlela zokubonisa imisonto eyahlukeneyo nazo azifani. Umzekelo, i-M16-2X60 imele i-metric threads. Intsingiselo yakhe ethile kukuba i-diameter ye-screw yi-16MM, i-pitch yi-2MM, kwaye ubude buyi-60MM. Umzekelo, i-1/4-20X3/4 imele intambo yaseBritani, kwaye intsingiselo yakhe ethile kukuba i-diameter ye-screw yi-1/4 intshi (i-intshi enye = 25.4MM), kunye namazinyo angama-20 kwi-intshi enye kunye nobude obuyi-3/4 intshi. Ukongeza, xa kubhekiswa kwizikrufu zaseMelika, i-UNC kunye ne-UNF zihlala zongezwa emva kokumela izikrufu zaseBritane ukwahlula phakathi kwamazinyo arhabaxa aseMelika kunye namazinyo amahle aseMelika.

Kwishishini lethu lemihla ngemihla yokuthengisa yasekhaya, imigangatho esihlala sidibana nayo yi-GB (uMgangatho weSizwe) kunye neDIN (iMgangatho waseJamani).
Ngokumalunga neemveliso ezingezozaqholo, le migangatho ilandelayo kuhlangatyezwana nayo ikakhulu: GB30; I-GB5783; I-GB5782; GB62; I-GB6170; I-GB818; I-GB819; I-GB845; I-GB846; GB70; I-DIN912; I-DIN933; I-DIN931, njl. njl. Okwangoku, i-GB30 (umgangatho wesizwe omdala) ithathelwe indawo yi-GB5783 (umgangatho omtsha wesizwe) kwincwadi eqhelekileyo. I-GB52 (umgangatho wesizwe omdala) ithatyathelwe indawo yi-GB6170 (umgangatho omtsha wesizwe) kwincwadi eqhelekileyo.

Ngo-1986, ilizwe lethu laqulunqa umgangatho omtsha wamacandelo asemgangathweni, owaziwa ngokuba ngumgangatho omtsha kwishishini. Ezona zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yi-GB5780, GB5781, GB5782, GB5783, kunye ne-GB5784. I-GB5780 yihexagonal intloko eshinyeneyo intonga yesiqingatha sezinyo ngezikrufu ezinomgangatho ochanekileyo we-C, onokuthi endaweni yawo ibe yi-GB5782 (i-GB5782 yintloko ene-hexagonal intonga eshinyeneyo egcwele izikrufu ngezinyo elinomgangatho ochanekileyo we-A no-B). I-GB5781 yi-hexagonal intloko yesikrufu sezinyo esipheleleyo esinenqanaba elichanekileyo le-C. I-GB5783 ingasetyenziswa njengebambela (i-GB5783 yintloko ene-hexagonal isikrufu sezinyo esigcweleyo esinamanqanaba okuchaneka kwe-A kunye no-B). I-GB5784 sisikrufu esine-hexagonal esinentonga ebhityileyo kunye nezinyo elisiqingatha.

Umahluko phakathi kweleyibhile entsha kunye neleyibhile endala kukuba i-M8, i-M10, i-M12, i-M14, kunye ne-M22 yeemveliso zechungechunge zineeyantlukwano kububanzi bamaphethelo. Ngaphandle kweemveliso ezintsha ze-M22 zechungechunge, iintloko zeentloko zeemveliso zeleyibhile entsha i-M8, i-M10, i-M12, kunye ne-M14 yi-1MM encinci kunezo zelebula endala. Ziyi-13mm, 16mm, 18mm, kunye ne-21mm ngokulandelelanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimveliso ezintsha ze-M22, icala elichasene neleyibhile entsha ngokwenene yi-2MM enkulu kuneleyibhile endala, ngoko ke kufuneka kuhlawulwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Ngobunzima bentloko, kukho umehluko omncinci phakathi kwemigangatho emitsha kunye nemidala, enokusetyenziswa ngokutshintshana kwiimeko apho iimfuno zingekho ngqongqo kakhulu.

Umahluko phakathi komgangatho omtsha kunye nomgangatho waseJamani ulele kwiinkcukacha zemveliso ye-M10, i-M12, i-M14, kunye ne-M22, eyahluke kububanzi bamaphethelo. Intloko ukuya kumda womgangatho omtsha we-M10, M12, M14 kufuneka ibe yi-1MM encinci kunomgangatho waseJamani. Imveliso entsha ye-M22 ine-head edge ububanzi obuyi-2MM ububanzi kunobubanzi obuphawulweyo, kwaye zonke ezinye iimveliso zingasetyenziswa ngokutshintshanayo.

Ngamantongomane angama-hexagonal, imigangatho esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya i-GB52, i-GB6170, i-GB6172, kunye ne-DIN934. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo kukuba i-GB6170 ijiyile kune-GB52, GB6172, kunye ne-DIN934, eyaziwa ngokuba ngamandongomane ashinyeneyo. Ukongeza, kukho umahluko emaphethelweni. Kuluhlu lwe-nut ye-M8, imida ye-DIN934, i-GB6170, kunye ne-GB6172 yi-13mm, eyi-1MM encinci kunomda we-14mm we-GB52. Ngamantongomane e-M10, imida ye-DIN934 kunye ne-GB52 yi-17mm, eyi-1MM enkulu kunemida ye-GB6170 kunye ne-GB6172. Ngamantongomane e-M12, imida ye-DIN934 kunye ne-GB52 yi-19mm, eyi-1MM enkulu kunomda we-18mm we-GB6170 kunye ne-GB6172. Ngamantongomane e-M14, umda ochasene ne-DIN934 kunye ne-GB52 yi-22mm, eyi-1MM enkulu kunomda ochasene ne-GB6170 kunye ne-GB6172, eyi-21mm. Ukongeza, i-M22 nut ine-32MM echasene ne-DIN934 kunye ne-GB52, eyi-2MM encinci kune-34MM edge edge ukuya kwi-GB6170 kunye ne-GB6172. I-GB6170 kunye ne-GB6172 inobubanzi obufanayo obufanayo ngaphandle kobunzima bazo obahlukeneyo. Zonke ezinye iinkcukacha zingasetyenziswa ngokutshintshanayo ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ubukhulu.