Plum fure tare da dunƙule bugun kai

Bugu da ƙari ga bambance-bambance a cikin ma'auni na asali kamar kai zuwa gefe da kauri, mafi mahimmancin bambanci a cikin ma'auni shine bambancin sassa masu zare. Zaren GB, DIN, JIS, da dai sauransu duk ana auna su da millimeters (MM) kuma a dunkule ana kiransu da zaren metric. Zaren kamar ANSI, ASME, da sauransu, waɗanda aka auna su da inci, ana kiran su daidaitattun zaren Amurka. Baya ga zaren ma'auni da zaren Amurka, akwai kuma ma'aunin BSW na Biritaniya, wanda kuma zaren su ana auna su da inci, wanda aka fi sani da zaren Wyeth.

Ana auna zaren awo a millimeters (MM) kuma suna da kusurwar haƙori na digiri 60. Dukkan zaren Amurka da Biritaniya ana auna su cikin inci. Hakanan kusurwar tip ɗin haƙori na zaren Amurka yana da digiri 60, yayin da kusurwar tip ɗin haƙori na zaren Burtaniya shine digiri 55. Saboda raka'a daban-daban na ma'auni, hanyoyin wakilci na zaren daban-daban ma ba iri ɗaya ba ne. Misali, M16-2X60 yana wakiltar zaren awo. Ma'anarsa ta musamman ita ce mafi girman diamita na dunƙule shine 16MM, farar shine 2MM, kuma tsawon shine 60MM. Misali, 1/4-20X3/4 yana wakiltar zaren Burtaniya, kuma takamaiman ma'anarsa ita ce, diamita na screw ɗin shine 1/4 inch (inch ɗaya = 25.4MM), tare da hakora 20 akan inch ɗaya kuma tsayin 3/4 inch. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da ake magana akan screws na Amurka, UNC da UNF yawanci ana ƙara su ne bayan wakiltar sukurori na Biritaniya don bambanta tsakanin haƙoran haƙoran Amurka da hakora masu kyau na Amurka.

A cikin kasuwancinmu na tallace-tallace na cikin gida na yau da kullun, ma'aunin da muke yawan haduwa dasu shine GB (National Standard) da DIN (Jamus Standard).
Dangane da samfuran da ba na kamshi ba, ana fuskantar ma'auni masu zuwa: GB30; GB5783; GB5782; GB62; GB6170; GB818; GB819; GB845; GB846; GB70; DIN912; DIN933; DIN931, da sauransu. A halin yanzu, GB30 (tsohuwar ma'aunin ƙasa) an maye gurbinsa da GB5783 (sabon ma'aunin ƙasa) a cikin daidaitaccen littafin. GB52 (tsohon ma'aunin ƙasa) an maye gurbinsa da GB6170 (sabon ma'aunin ƙasa) a cikin daidaitaccen littafin.

A cikin 1986, ƙasarmu ta ƙirƙira sabon ma'auni don daidaitattun abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, wanda aka fi sani da sabon ma'auni a cikin kasuwanci. Wadanda akafi amfani dasu sune GB5780, GB5781, GB5782, GB5783, da GB5784. GB5780 ne mai kauri mai kauri kai mai kauri rabin haƙori dunƙule tare da daidaitaccen matakin C, wanda za a iya maye gurbinsu da GB5782 (GB5782 ne mai hexagonal kai kauri sanda cikakken haƙori dunƙule tare da madaidaicin matakin A da B). GB5781 babban kai hexagonal ne cike da dunƙule hakori tare da madaidaicin matakin C. GB5783 za a iya amfani da shi azaman madadin (GB5783 shugaban hexagonal ne cike da dunƙule hakori tare da daidaito matakan A da B). GB5784 dunƙule hexagonal ne tare da siririn sanda da rabin haƙori.

Bambanci tsakanin sabon lakabin da tsohuwar lakabin shine samfuran samfuran M8, M10, M12, M14, da M22 suna da bambance-bambance a cikin faɗin gefuna. Ban da sabbin samfuran jerin M22, gefuna na sabbin samfuran lakabin M8, M10, M12, da M14 sun fi 1MM ƙasa da na tsohuwar lakabin. Su ne 13mm, 16mm, 18mm, da 21mm bi da bi. Koyaya, don sabbin samfuran jerin M22, ɓangaren kishiyar sabon lakabin haƙiƙa ya fi 2MM girma fiye da tsohuwar lakabin, don haka yakamata a biya kulawa ta musamman. Don kauri na kai, akwai ɗan bambanci tsakanin sabbin ka'idoji da tsoffin ma'auni, waɗanda za a iya amfani da su tare a cikin yanayin da buƙatun ba su da ƙarfi sosai.

Bambanci tsakanin sabon ma'auni da daidaitattun Jamusanci ya ta'allaka ne a cikin ƙayyadaddun samfur na M10, M12, M14, da M22, waɗanda suka bambanta da faɗin gefuna. Shugaban zuwa gefen sabon ma'auni na M10, M12, M14 yakamata ya zama ƙarami 1MM fiye da ma'aunin Jamusanci. Sabon samfurin M22 yana da faɗin gefen kai wanda shine faɗin 2MM fiye da faɗin gefen da aka yiwa alama, kuma duk sauran samfuran ana iya amfani da su tare.

Don kwaya hexagonal, mizanin da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da GB52, GB6170, GB6172, da DIN934. Babban bambancin da ke tsakaninsu shi ne, GB6170 ya fi GB52, GB6172, da DIN934, wanda aka fi sani da goro. Bugu da ƙari, akwai bambanci a cikin gefuna. A cikin jerin M8 goro, gefuna na DIN934, GB6170, da GB6172 sune 13mm, wanda shine 1MM ƙasa da 14mm gefen GB52. Domin M10 kwayoyi, gefuna na DIN934 da GB52 ne 17mm, wanda shi ne 1MM girma fiye da gefuna GB6170 da GB6172. Domin M12 kwayoyi, gefuna na DIN934 da GB52 ne 19mm, wanda shi ne 1MM girma fiye da 18mm gefen GB6170 da GB6172. Domin M14 kwayoyi, kishiyar gefen DIN934 da GB52 shine 22mm, wanda shine 1MM ya fi girma fiye da kishiyar gefen GB6170 da GB6172, wanda shine 21mm. Bugu da kari, M22 goro yana da 32MM gaban gefen zuwa DIN934 da GB52, wanda shi ne 2MM karami fiye da 34MM m gefen zuwa GB6170 da GB6172. GB6170 da GB6172 suna da faɗin gefu ɗaya daidai sai kauri daban-daban. Duk wasu ƙayyadaddun bayanai za a iya amfani da su ta hanyar musanyawa ba tare da la'akari da kauri ba.